What are the most important new discoveries that have been made about the ancient world in the 21st Century?

In Greek philology, the biggest finds this century have been:

• The previously unreadable texts in the Archimedes Palimpsest, that have become readable through a synchrotron, including a couple of new texts by Archimedes, a new speech by Hyperides, and a new commentary on Aristotle by Alexander of Aphrodisias. Transcribed and released in 2008, though only the Hyperides speech has had scholarly publication to date.
• Two new sets of fragments by Sappho, in 2004 and 2014; the latter includes the Brothers Poem—here recited by Quora’s Own Ioannis Stratakis:

Stratakis’ podium-arts.com is not a new discovery, as such, but it is certainly an invaluable 21st century resource…